- Decorator Pattern
Introduction The Decorator Pattern is a structural design pattern that lets you attach new behaviors to objects by wrapping them in special objects that contain the added behavior. Think of it like adding toppings to a coffee — you start with a base espresso, then wrap it with milk, then wrap that…
- Proxy Pattern
Introduction The Proxy Pattern is a structural design pattern that provides a substitute or placeholder for another object to control access to it. Just like a security guard controls access to a building — they do not change what is inside, but they decide who gets in and can log every entry — a…
- Adapter Pattern
Introduction The Adapter Pattern is a structural design pattern that allows objects with incompatible interfaces to work together. Think of it like a power adapter you use when traveling abroad — your laptop plug does not change, the foreign outlet does not change, but the adapter bridges the gap…
- Abstract Factory Pattern
Introduction The Abstract Factory pattern provides an interface for creating families of related objects without specifying their concrete classes. While the Factory Method creates one product, the Abstract Factory creates an entire suite of products that are designed to work together. This is the…
- Prototype Pattern
Introduction The Prototype pattern creates new objects by cloning an existing instance rather than building one from scratch. When object creation is expensive — involving database queries, file I/O, or complex initialization — copying a pre-configured prototype is significantly faster. This…